a dead weight tester is used to quizlet

What Is a Dead Weight Tester and How Is It Used?

Have you ever wondered how manufacturers ensure the accuracy of pressure measuring instruments? From pressure gauges to transmitters, accuracy is crucial in various industries such as oil and gas, manufacturing, and pharmaceuticals. One essential tool used in calibrating these instruments is a dead weight tester. In this article, we will explore what a dead weight tester is and how it is used to ensure precise pressure measurements.

The Function and Design of a Dead Weight Tester

A dead weight tester is a device used for the calibration and verification of pressure gauges, transmitters, and sensors. It is a highly accurate instrument that achieves its precision through the fundamental physics principle of Pascal's law. Pascal's law states that the pressure exerted at any point on an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the fluid and to the walls of its container.

The design of a dead weight tester incorporates a piston-cylinder system, precision weights, and a vertical tube filled with oil or another suitable fluid. The piston is connected to a calibrated weight stack, which can be adjusted to apply known loads on the piston. When pressure is applied to the system, the piston and weights rise, counteracting the force exerted by the fluid. By adjusting the weights until equilibrium is achieved, the pressure corresponding to the total weight can be determined. This allows technicians to calibrate pressure instruments accurately.

Using a Dead Weight Tester: Step-by-Step Guide

To get accurate pressure measurements, it is crucial to follow specific steps when using a dead weight tester. Let's take a closer look at the process:

1. Prepare the Dead Weight Tester

Before starting the calibration process, ensure that the dead weight tester is clean and in good working condition. Inspect the piston-cylinder system, weights, and fluid for any signs of damage or wear. Any defects may compromise the accuracy of measurements.

2. Set Up the Dead Weight Tester

Place the dead weight tester on a stable surface, ensuring it is level and secure. Connect the pressure instrument to be calibrated to the tester using the appropriate adapters. Check for any leaks or loose connections that may affect the readings.

3. Establish the Zero Pressure

To establish the zero pressure reference, slowly release pressure from the system until the piston reaches its lowest point. This position represents the zero-pressure point and serves as a reference for subsequent measurements.

4. Apply Known Weights

Determine the desired pressure range for calibration and select the appropriate weights. Place the weights on the weight stack, applying a load that corresponds to a specific pressure. Use a balance or load cell to check the accuracy of the weights before placing them on the stack.

5. Adjust to Achieve Equilibrium

Gradually increase the pressure by turning the controlling valve clockwise. Observe the rise of the piston and weights. Continue adjusting the weights until equilibrium is achieved, indicated by a stable position of the piston.

6. Record the Pressure Reading

Once equilibrium is reached, read the pressure value indicated on the pressure gauge connected to the instrument under calibration. This value corresponds to the applied weight on the dead weight tester and allows for accurate calibration.

The Advantages of Using a Dead Weight Tester

Why do professionals choose to use a dead weight tester over other calibration methods? Let's explore the advantages of using this precise instrument:

1. High Accuracy

Dead weight testers are known for their outstanding accuracy. As the weights applied are known and traceable to national standards, the pressure measurements obtained are highly reliable. This makes them suitable for calibrating instruments that require utmost precision, such as pressure gauges used in critical applications.

2. Wide Pressure Range

Dead weight testers have the advantage of covering a wide pressure range. Different sets of calibrated weights can be used to generate pressures ranging from a few inches of water column to thousands of pounds per square inch (psi). This versatility allows technicians to calibrate a variety of pressure instruments accurately.

3. Independence from External Factors

Unlike other calibration methods that may rely on external factors such as electricity or proprietary software, dead weight testers operate based on fundamental physics principles. This independence from external factors means that they can be used in various environments, including hazardous areas or remote locations, where other methods may not be suitable.

In Summary

A dead weight tester is an essential tool for maintaining the accuracy of pressure gauges, transmitters, and sensors. By utilizing the principles of Pascal's law and carefully applied known weights, technicians can calibrate instruments with utmost precision. The step-by-step guide ensures proper usage and accurate readings, allowing for reliable pressure measurements in critical industries. With their high accuracy, wide pressure range, and independence from external factors, dead weight testers have become the preferred choice for professionals requiring precise calibration. So, the next time you encounter a pressure instrument, remember the crucial role a dead weight tester plays behind the scenes to ensure accurate measurements.